1. Application examples
Due to a molybdenum additive of 2.0 to 2.5% and an increased nickel content of over 10%, this material is very resistant to corrosion and suitable for applications in the food industry as well as environmental and partly in medical technology.

Further application examples:
welded endless belts, conveyor belts in corrosive environments

The material 1.4404 is approved as a spring material according to DIN 17 224 (new: DIN EN 10 151).

2. Material codes
German Norm: 1.4404, X2CrNiMo18-12-2
AISI: 316L
ASTM: S 31603
English Norm: 316S11
Franz. Norm: Z 3 CND17-11-02
Japanese Norm: SUS 316

3. Alloy Composition *
C: max. 0,03%
Si: max. 1,0%
Mn: max. 2,0%
P: max. 0,045%
S: max. 0,030%
Cr: 16,5-18,5%
Ni: 10-13%
Mo: 2,0-2,50%
N: max. 0,11%

* the exact composition of each batch can be documented by a test certificate 2.2 or 3.1 according to DIN 10 204

4.1 Delivery condition Temper rolled:
Structure: temper rolled (austenitic with low content of martensite), not hardenable
Surface: 2H, roughness Ra maximal 0,3 µm (depending on the roughness of the working roll)

Tensile strength: 1100 to 1500 N/mm²

The tensile strength can be increased by annealing at 330-370°C (approx. 4 hours) for 100N/mm² (depending on the primary tensile strength of the material).

4.2 Delivery condition annealed:
Structure: austenitic
Surface: 2B or 2R, roughness Ra maximal 0,3 µm (depending on the roughness of the working roll)

Tensile strength: 500-800 N/mm²

Further mechanical data: see chapter 7 and 8.

5. Sizes
thicknesses: 0,01-2,00 mm
raw material width: depending on the thicknesses from 100 to ca. 610 mm in different tensile strengths
edges: cut
Lengths: individual lengths from 5 to 10 000 mm or as Coil

6. Tolerances
thickness tolerace: DIN EN 9445 Table1
width tolerance: according to DIN EN 9445
straightness: normal
flatness: wave height max. 1,0 mm

7. Further mechanical data
Yield strength Rp0,2 : depending on the ultimate tensile strength
Elongation A80: depending on the ultimate tensile strength

For the temper rolled condition only:
If good tumbling is done, the reversed bending stress (Mean stress = 0) is at approx. 35% of the tensile strength (bending direction is at a 90° angle to the rolling direction).

As the fatigue strength depends on different factors like the corrosive conditions and the edge treatment, no definitive endurance limit values can be guaranteed.

At high forces or bending not in the right angle to the rolling direction hardened steels like the alloy 1.4031Mo are strictly recommended.

The operation temperature should not exceed 120-250°C (compare to DIN 17224 – stainless strip steel for springs). Please remember that the modus of elasticity decreases at higher temperatures.

8. Physical properties
Density: 7,95 g/cm³
Thermal conductivity: 15 W/(m °C) depending on the temperature
Heat capacity: 500 J/(kg °C) medium value at 50 – 100 °C
Thermal expansion:
   16,0 x 10 -6 (between 30 - 100 °C)
   16,5 x 10 -6 (between 30 - 200 °C)
   17,0 x 10 -6 (between 30 - 300 °C)

Electric resistance: 0,75 Ohm x mm²/m
Modus of elasticity: 180 000 MPa at 20 °C

Relative Permeability:
   in the annealed condition generally less than 1,02 (at 200H)
   in the temper rolled condition higher than in the annealed condition, but lower than the alloy 1.4310

9. Blanking
This alloy can be blanked easily. In the annealed condition this alloy can be used for deep drawing parts due to a content of more than 10% Nickel.

10. Laser cutting
This alloy can be laser cut without problems.

11. Photo etching
The alloy 1.4404 can be etched easily.

12.1 Bending in Temper rolled condition
As the high hardness of 1.4404 is obtained by temper rolling, the rolling direction has a big influence on the bending.

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